What Is System Unit?

System unit is a case that contains electronic component of the computer used to process data. The case of the system unit, sometimes called the chassis, is made of metal or plastic and protects the internal electronic components from damage.

Explain the electronic components in system unit and its function.

Question 2

An operating system (OS) is a set of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer system.

Explain the different types of Operating system in market and what the advantages and disadvantages of each Operating system.

Q1

Introduction

What is system unit? System unit is Box-like case that houses the electronic components of the computer used to process data. System Unit is the core of a computer system, system unit always is rectangular case that houses the electronic components inside the computer. That usually its rectangular box placed on or underneath your desk. Inside the box got many electronic components that process information. The most important part of these components is the central processing unit “CPU”, or microprocessor, which acts as the brain of your computer. Another component is random access memory (RAM), which temporarily stores information that the CPU uses while the computer is on. The information stored in RAM is erased when the computer is turned off. Almost every other part of your computer connects to the system unit using cables. The cables plug into specific ports, typically on the back of the system unit. Hardware that is not part of the system unit is sometimes called a peripheral device or device. Dual inline package (DIP), which consists of two parallel rows of downward-pointing thin metal feet (pins). Pin grid array (PGA) package, which holds a larger number of pins because the pins are mounted on the surface of the package. Flip chip-PGA (FC-PGA) package, which places chips on the opposite side (flip side) of the pins. Single edge contact, which called as SEC as cartridge, and it allow us to connects to the motherboard on one of its edges in system unit.

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Function

The system unit, sometimes called the chassis, is a box-like case housing the electronic components of a computer that are used to process data. System unit components include the processor, memory module, cards, ports, and connectors. Many of the system unit’s components reside on a circuit board called the motherboard. The motherboard contains many different types of chips, or small pieces of semiconducting material, on which one or more integrated circuits (IC) are etched. An integrated circuit is a microscopic pathway capable of carrying electronic current. Each IC can contain millions of transistors, which act as switches for electronic signals. A system unit is a case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data. The most common components are inside a system unit are; the processor, ports, drive bays, power supply, memory and adapter cards example; sound card, video card, network card and modern card. The case of the system unit, sometimes called the chassis, is made of metal or plastic and protects the internal electronic components from damage.

Motherboard is also a main circuit board in system unit, it contains adaptor cards processor and memory chips, it can be called as system board too or more. What electronic components are found on the motherboard? Chip is also a part of the system units for electrical components. Integrated Circuit (IC) Microscopic pathway capable of carrying electrical current and it also is included include in the motherboard. Transistor Acts as an electronic switch, or gate, that opens or closes the circuit for electronic signals

A chip is a small semi-conducting material where integrated circuits can be etched. Chips are packed in a certain way so they can be connected to a circuit board. Integrated circuits have many microscopic pathways, that capable of carrying electric current. Chip available for different kind of it, single edge contact (SEC) cartridge, dual inline package (DIP), flip chip-PGA (FC-PGA) package and pin grid array (PGA)

(CPU) Central processing unit; The CPU carries and interprets basic instruction that can operate a computer. The control unit coordinates operations in a computer. Interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer. The Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) does arithmetic, comparison and logical operations. This can also be known as the processor and also called the processor.

Random access memory (RAM) is one of computer most important part inside a computer because, RAM is a random memory access, one of the memories in our computer and it can be accessed randomly. The byte of the memory in our computer can be access without touching the preceding bytes. RAM is the most common type of memory found in computers and other devices, such as printers. There are two type of RAM one is call Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) and the another is Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) this two types of RAM differ in the technology they use to hold data, with DRAM being the more common type. In terms of speed, SRAM is faster. DRAM needs to be refreshed thousands of times per second while SRAM does not need to be refreshed, which is what makes it faster than DRAM. DRAM supports access times of about 60 nanoseconds, SRAM can give access times as low as 10 nanoseconds.

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Hard disk is also one of the electronic components in system unit. The disk can let you store your computer data. Hard disk holds more data and is faster than floppy disks, and a single hard disk can store more than 100 gigabytes (GB), whereas most floppies have a maximum storage capacity of 1.4 megabytes. Each platter has the same number of tracks, and a track location that cuts across all platters is called a cylinder. For example, a typical 84 megabyte hard disk for a PC might have two platters (four sides) and 1,053 cylinders. In general, hard disks are less portable than floppies, although it is possible to buy removable hard disks.

Conclusion

As conclusion, system unit is about computer system inside the computer itself and it can be check from the inside if got anything wrong with it, components and processes of a computer system that is used for an everyday activity. Learn about the system inside of a computer and how it runs inside when we see it from the outside.

Q2

Introduction

Operating system is software that which takes care of technical aspects of a computer’s operation. Most of the desktop or laptop Pc comes preloaded with Microsoft windows. Macintosh (Apple MAC) computer come preloaded with MAC OS X. Many corporate servers use the Linux or UNIX operating systems. The operating system (OS) is the first thing loaded onto the computer without the operating system, a computer is useless. Some operating systems also provide text editors, compilers, debuggers and a variety of other tools. Since the operating system (OS) is in charge of a computer, all requests to use its resources and devices need to go through the Operating system.

Window

Microsoft Windows or better known as Windows is a family of operating system developed by Microsoft, using the graphical user interface. Window operating system have evolved from the MS-DOS, an operating system based on text mode and command-line. The first version of Windows, Windows Graphic Environment 1.0 was first introduced on 10 November 1983, but only out of the market in November 1985, which was made to meet the computer needs to display a picture. Microsoft Windows can be developed and can be controlled using the operating system up to 90%. Price of Microsoft Windows can run between $50.00 – $150.00 US dollars per each license copy. Microsoft has made several advancements and changes that have made it a much easier to use operating system, and although arguably it may not be the easiest operating system, it is still Easier than Linux. Although Microsoft Windows has made great improvements in reliability over the last few versions of Windows, it still cannot match the reliability of Linux. Because of the large amount of Microsoft Windows users, there is a much larger selection of available software programs, utilities, and games for Windows. Although Windows does have software programs, utilities, and games for free, the majority of the programs will cost anywhere between $20.00 – $200.00and US dollars per copy. Because of the amount of Microsoft Windows users and the broader driver support, Windows has a much larger support for hardware devices and a good majority of hardware manufacturers will support their products in Microsoft Windows. Although Microsoft has made great improvements over the years with security on their operating system, their operating system continues to be the most vulnerable to viruses and other attacks. Microsoft Windows is not open source and the majority of Windows programs are not open source. Microsoft Windows includes its own help section, has vast amount of available online documentation and help, as well as books on each of the versions of Windows.

Linux

Linux is a Unix-like computer operating system assembled under the model of free and open source software development and distribution. The defining component of a Linux system is the Linux Kernel, an operating system kernel first released October 5, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux system distributions may vary in many details of system operation, configuration, and software package selection. Linux runs on a wide variety of computer hardware, including mobile phones, tablet computers, network routers, televisions, video game consoles, desktop computers, mainframes and supercomputer. Linus is a leading server operating system, and run the 10 fastest supercomputer in the world. In addition, more than 90% of today’s supercomputer runs some variant of Linux. The majority of Linux variants are available for free or at a much lower price than Microsoft Windows. Although the majority Linux variants have improved dramatically in ease of use, Windows is still much easier to use for new computer users. The majority of Linux variants and versions are notoriously reliable and can often run for months and years without needing to be rebooted. Linux has a large variety of available software programs, utilities, and games. However, Windows has a much larger selection of available software. Many of the available software programs, utilities, and games available on Linux are freeware or open source. Even such complex programs such as Gimp, OpenOffice, StarOffice, and wine are available for free or at a low cost. Linux companies and hardware manufacturers have made great advancements in hardware support for Linux and today Linux will support most hardware devices. Many of the Linux variants and many Linux programs are open source and enable users to customize or modify the code however they wish to. Although it may be more difficult to find users familiar with all Linux variants, there are vast amounts of available online documentation and help, available books, and support available for Linux.

Mac OS

Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems. Mac OS is credited with popularizing the graphical user interface. The original form of what Apple now calls OS X was the integral and unnamed system software first introduced in 1984 with the original Macintosh, and referred to simply as the System software. Apple deliberately sought to minimize the user’s conceptual awareness of the operating system: Tasks which required more operating system knowledge on other systems would be accomplished by intuitive mouse gestures and simple graphic controls on a Macintosh, making the system more user-friendly and easily mastered. This would differentiate it from then current systems such as MS-DOS which were more technically challenging to operate. The core of the system software was held in ROM, with updates provided free of charge by Apple dealers (on floppy disk). The user’s involvement in an upgrade of the operating system was also minimized to running an installer, or simply replacing system files, the simplicity of which again differentiated the product from others. Mac OS is not susceptible to the virus. Designed with security oriented, Mac OS is not plagued by constant attacks from PC viruses and malware. But neither will slow you down with constant security alerts and other interruptions. High performance, especially on Mac OS X with the latest Intel Processors and other innovations, the Mac can do all things that only Macs can do with amazing speed. User friendly, GUI with a very attractive appearance, making the Mac OS as one of the OS are in great demand especially by graphic designers and for those just learning the computer. Mac cannot be assembled because Apple is not giving license to other companies to make hardware that can use the Mac OS. Software on the Mac OS is not so complete. Influence the dominance of Microsoft Windows for years have been very familiar to users and are reluctant to adapt to the new OS. The same rational is also the reason for the abundance of recent applications to the Windows system requirements. Cost is very expansive. Mostly is only useful for graphic designers. Cannot be used in conjunction. The software is incomplete and not suitable to play the game because it looks less good.

Conclusion

Every operating system is a successfully creation because it all operating well and keep on developing and update it help human a lot. Nowadays computer is part of our humans, almost everything occurs in our daily life is using computerized. Every different operating system has its own plus and minus points. There was no “The Best” but only will “The Only”. Different operating system works well with different people, is all depending on the usage of the people.