Causes and Impacts of Corruption

Critical Analysis Essay

Corruption is prevalent in any nation, both developing and flourishing; nevertheless, it is usually developed countries that gain the most attention from media outlets, and therefore some perceive corruption as a western concept and not relevant to traditional societies.  In reality, the only factor that could vary is corruption itself in both traditional societies and western societies.  In social structures where the country depends on the advantageous exchange of incentives for services rendered through corruption can be as widespread as corruption in a Western society where the governing body, For instance, the President depends on funds to remain in office or to boost his public opinion through corruption  The person is not able to say that the idea of corruption extends to traditional societies as individuals able to use the successful exchanging of rewards do not take account of individuals whose survival depends on corruption, which is not more symbolic than the social structure.

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Research shows that corruption is more prevalent in underdeveloped or poor countries and contributes to the faster growth of corruption (Myint, 2000).  In this type of scenario, some of the members of these nations are even expected to give gifts as seen in Samoa, where leaders are expected to give gifts of sustenance to electors (Larmour, 2012).  While acknowledged somewhat in traditional societies, such acts constitute corruption, even if it has been expected.

How can the community decide whether or not the person is able to place the civil duty on the citizens and how does it vary from corruption in the western societies when the offender has the means to influence public opinion by wealth and life sustaining gifts? The Lockhead payment scandal in Japan, which also reflected in the problem of corruption in traditional societies, and not just in western societies, was a notable case, according to Steidlmeier (1999) which drew attention to business ethics during the 1970s. Corruption may not be so common in traditional societies as it is in Western societies; but in these traditional societies this can not be confused with a lack of life, incentive and appearance.

Corruption appears to be commonly discussed in Western societies, which can falsely cause people to believe that corruption is a Western ideology or idea when in reality it exists in both modern and emerging communities.  We are natural selfish creatures as human beings.  In this theory, it is easy to conclude then that corruption exists or has occurred at some stage in any state or society run by people and cultures in which citizens are a large part of the body. A government official and public appointment in western societies is not focused on his willingness and capacity to give contributions to his constituents.  Governing authorities and every citizen who is aspiring to be a representative of the people must express their views on certain topics and will then state what they will do to cope with these concerns. In Western societies, every gift, especially one which stems from the decision-making process, can influence the majority or influence decisions in a way that benefits a top official in politics and business, is often viewed as unethical or corrupt.  However, it should be remembered that it is more a strategy for reducing inequality by controlling economic rights than a simplistic Western concept. Scrupulous politicians could use gift rituals to help people in the name of custom because it would be simple to distinguish between practice and hope, contributing to corruption.  In traditional societies with low public wage rates of corruption, Professor Rose-Ackerman (quoted by McChesney, 2001), is viewed as a survival strategy that helps people at the bottom of the economic pyramid to detect the negative effects of corruption while also relying on it. According to Larmour (2012), giving gifts is an essential tool in conventional societies to ask an individual for something that is socially superior; however, educated and socially superior people tend to realize that it is corruption practice.  It is obviously more convenient for dishonest officials to neglect the needs of the individual who has the gift of the recipient in cases where the gifts can vary based on the gift’s economic status. It is easy for a prominent figure to convince a more expensive present in a traditional society in which donations are an acceptable way of respect, particularly when they are in a position to influence, rule, business or have influence on the individual.  Although fully incorporated into the tradition, this opportunity for persuasion presents an abuse of this tradition for unscrupulous officials.

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Every culture, whether western or conventional, which offers officials the ability to exploit a circumstance by being swayed by gift or influencing people through offering gifts, risks corruption.  In many societies, corruption is or was present and is not just a concept of Western society.  Although the practice of the exchanging of goods and services is not common in Western businesses, it is possible and provides the same corruption potential as in a traditional society in a Western society. The actual act of corruption as well as the concept of corruption is not just a western ideology, it is a threat to civilizations that has no regard for geographic location or economic standing, and a threat that is present in every society where mankind exists.

 References

• Delattre, E. (2011). Character and Cops (6th ed.). Washington, D.C., U.S.: [Purdue   University Global Bookshelf]. Retrieved October 26, 2019, from  https://purdueuniversityglobal.vitalsource.com/#/books/9780844772264/
• International Debate Education Association. (2011). The debatabase book: A must-guide for successful debate. New York, NY: International Debate Education Association.
• Larmour, P. (2012). Interpreting Corruption: Culture and Politics in the Pacific Islands. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. Retrieved from Purdue Library.
• McChesney, F. S. (2001). EVER THE TWAIN SHALL MEET. Michigan Law Review, 99(6), 1348. Retrieved from Purdue Library.
• Myint, U. (2000, Dec.) Corruption: Causes, consequences and cures. Asia-Pacific Development Journal, 7(2) 33–58. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.567.7561&rep=rep1&type=pdf
• Steidlmeier, P. P. (1999). Gift Giving, Corruption and Corruption: Ethical Management of Business Relationships in China. Journal of Business Ethics, 20(2), 121-132. Retrieved from Purdue Library.